This is one of the commonest causes of death in accidents. Bleeding is caused by the rupture of blood vessels due to the severity of the injury. The presence of blood over a considerable area of the victim's body is not a reliable indication of the amount of blood loss. The blood may be oozing from multiple small wounds or may have been smeared, giving the appearance of serious loss of blood. The rate at which blood is lost from a wound depends on the size and kind of blood vessel ruptured.
There are two types of bleeding:
(1)External bleeding:- which is obvious and apparent
(2)Internal bleeding:- where the bleeding is not apparent at the outset but may manifest itself later in the form of bleeding from the nose, ear, lungs or stomach. A serious consequence of extensive bleeding is shock, which must be considered as soon as the flow of blood has been checked.

Signs and Symptoms of Bleeding

(1).The skin becomes cold and clammy.
(2).Breathing becomes shallow and the patient may gasp for air and sigh deeply.
(3).The patient may feel faint and even collapse.
(4).The pulse becomes rapid and weak.
(5).Profuse sweating may occur.
(6).Thirst may be prominent.

Identifying the source of bleeding

Bleeding may occur from the arteries, veins or capillaries or from combinations of the three. It can be identified by the following characteristics:
(1).Bleeding from the arteries is bright red and comes out in jets or spurts, which correspond to the beating of the heart. This kind of bleeding is very dangerous and may cause death quickly.
(2).Bleeding from the veins is dark in color and often flows out in a continuous stream.
(3).Bleeding from capillaries is a steady, slow ooze. In an acute situation, especially if on the surface of the body, it is less worrying than an arterial or venous bleeding.

How to manage External Bleeding?

(a).Bring the sides of the wound together and press firmly.
(b).Place the patient in a comfortable position and raise the injured part (if no bone fracture is suspected).
(c).If you know the pressure points at the appropriate locations then press on them firmly for 10-15 minutes.
(d).Apply a clean pad larger than the wound and press it firmly with the palm until the bleeding lessens and finally stops.
(e).Deeper cuts in veins produce dark blood that tends to seep out slowly and steadily. Stop it by applying gentle pressure directly onto the wound itself. Then cover it with a sterile or clean cloth (the inside of a laundered handkerchief would do) and a bandage. This type of wound may need to be stitched after your first aid treatment.
(f).To stop arterial bleeding, apply firm pressure directly to the wound and keep this up continually until medical help arrives. You can press with a sterile cloth if you have one. If nothing is available, you must use your hand. Arterial bleeding will need urgent treatment from a doctor.
(g).If the bleeding continues, do not remove the original dressing but add more pads.
(h).Finally bandage firmly but not too tightly.
(i).Treat for Shock.
(j).Shift the patient to a hospital as soon as possible.

How to manage Internal Bleeding?

Lay the patient down with the head low. Raise his legs using pillows.
Keep the patient calm and relaxed with reassurance. Do not allow the patient to move.
Maintain the body heat with blankets, rugs or coats.
Do not give anything to eat.
Do not apply hot water bottles or ice bags to the chest or abdomen. This may make things worse.
Arrange for the patient to be shifted to the hospital at the earliest.

Treatment by Homoeopathic Remedies

Ipecac 1M From any part of body use in frequent doses.
Phosphorus 30CIf Ipecac Fail.
Millefolium 6C or 30C
Belladonna 30C and Hamamelis 1M can be used as per the respective symptoms of the case.
Locally apply

Hamamelis Q for instant relief.

if someone has a nose bleed You have to do this...

Sit the subject down with the head held forward. Do not let the head tip back, as this increases bleeding and encourages swallowing of blood which might induce vomiting.
Tell them to try not to speak, swallow, cough, spit, or sniff.
Nosebleeds normally occur when blood vessels inside the nostril are ruptured (through blowing the nose, sneezing, picking, etc.)
Ask the subject to mouth breathe, and pinch the nose shut just below the bridge with the thumb and index fingers for at least ten minutes.
If the bleeding continues, you must seek advice from a doctor.
Frequent, sudden and severe nosebleeds usually need to be treated at hospital.

Homoeopathic Remedies

Millefolium 6 is very useful in general cases.
Arnica 1Min frequent doses. If due to blow use.
Ferrum Met 200C,1M; Phosphorus 30C, 1M.Without any known cause use

General First Aid Treatment

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